In a historic advisory opinion, the International Court of Justice (ICJ) has ruled that all countries are legally obligated under international law to address climate change and curb greenhouse gas emissions. The court declared climate change an 'urgent and existential threat,' stating that failure to act could breach international law and potentially lead to reparations for affected nations. This landmark decision affirms that a healthy environment is a human right and that wealthy, high-emitting countries have specific responsibilities to limit global warming. The case, brought by vulnerable nations like Vanuatu, marks a turning point for climate justice and accountability on the global stage. While the opinion is not legally binding, it sets a powerful precedent and is expected to influence future climate litigation and international policy.
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