In a historic ruling, the International Court of Justice (ICJ), the United Nations' highest court, declared that countries are legally obligated under international law to address climate change and protect the environment. The court stated that failing to curb greenhouse gas emissions and meet climate commitments could make nations liable for damages and reparations, especially to vulnerable countries suffering the most from climate impacts. This landmark opinion affirms that a healthy environment is a human right and that climate inaction may breach international treaties, regardless of whether a country is part of the Paris Agreement. The case was brought forward by Vanuatu and other climate-impacted nations, marking a major victory for climate justice and accountability. While the ruling is advisory and not directly enforceable, it sets a powerful legal precedent that could shape future climate litigation and international policy.
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